What resulted from various sects facing discrimination leading to migration to North America?

The correct answer is the Protestant Reformation because this religious movement in the 16th century was driven largely by a reaction against the practices and beliefs of the Catholic Church, leading to significant denominations like Lutheranism and Calvinism. As various sects faced persecution and discrimination in Europe, many individuals sought refuge and the freedom to practice their faith without oppression. This pursuit of religious freedom motivated numerous groups, including Puritans and Quakers, to migrate to North America, where they aimed to establish communities based on their beliefs.

The other options relate to significant historical movements but do not directly connect to the issue of sectarian discrimination leading to migration. The Italian Renaissance was a cultural revival focusing on arts and sciences, the Age of Exploration involved the discovery of new lands largely for trade and empire-building, and the Scientific Revolution dealt with advancements in understanding the natural world, none of which are primarily rooted in the religious discrimination that prompted the migration of various sects to North America.