During which time period did the Mayas build remarkable cities in the Yucatan Peninsula?

The Mayan civilization flourished and built remarkable cities in the Yucatan Peninsula primarily during the period of AD 300 to 800. This era is often referred to as the Classic Period of Maya civilization, characterized by significant advancements in architecture, mathematics, astronomy, and written language. Major Mayan cities such as Tikal, Calakmul, and Palenque were established and were centers of political, religious, and cultural life.

During this time, the Mayas developed impressive architectural structures, including pyramids, temples, and palaces, and established a complex social structure with city-states governed by powerful rulers. They also created intricate artwork and made substantial contributions to agriculture, particularly through the development of advanced techniques for growing crops in their rainforest environment. The collapse of many Mayan cities began after this peak period, hence the significance of the time frame indicated in the correct choice.